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| 1480 |
| | | Tomas de Torquemada, from a family of converted Jews, is appointed Spain's first Grand Inquisitor | |
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| 1492 |
| | | Torquemada persuades Ferdinand and Isabella to expel from Spain all Jews (about 160,000) who will not convert to Christianity | |
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| 1492 |
| | | Bayazid II, the Turkish sultan, makes a special point of welcoming in Istanbul the Jews expelled from Spain | |
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| 1516 |
| | | The original ghetto is established as a district to which the Jews of Venice are confined | |
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| 1528 |
| | | Discussion of Henry VIII's proposed divorce hinges on rival verses from the Old Testament, in Deuteronomy and Leviticus | |
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| c. 1656 |
| | | Jews return to England after Cromwell repeals the law of 1290 forbidding their residence in the country | |
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| c. 1740 |
| | | A charismatic leader, Baal Shem Tov, develops Hasidism in Poland as an influential revivalist movement within Judaism | |
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| c. 1780 |
| | | In developing the Haskalah, the German philosopher Moses Mendelssohn reconciles Judaism and the Enlightenment | |
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| 1818 |
| | | The first Reform congregation within Judaism is established in Germany, in the Hamburg Temple | |
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| 1851 |
| | | Samson Raphael Hirsch becomes rabbi of a synagogue in Frankfurt, where he develops the theme of neo-Orthodoxy | |
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